Programmed cell death

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		Programmed cell death and related topics
		Ptosis= programmed death Suicide programs are inherent at various levels of organization of living systems from organels to whole organims.







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Definition

Types of programmed death: Apoptosis (Cell death) - Autophagy (Cell death)- Necrosis (Cell death)- Autoschizis (Cell death)- Anoikis (Cell death)- Mitoptosis (organel death)- Organoptosis (organ death)- Phenoptosis (whole organims death)

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Apoptosis	Also called Programmed cell death type I. Apoptosis purifies a tissue from unwanted cells
Autophagy	Also called Programmed cell death type II
Necrosis	Also called Programmed cell death type III
Autoschizis
Anoikis	"Anoikis (from a Greek word meaning ‘homelessness" or the state of being without a home) is defined as anchorage-dependent programmed cell death, In other words, anoikis is defined as apoptosis that is induced by inadequate or inappropriate cell–matrix interactions. it is use to describe the cells' apoptotic response to the absence of cell-matrix interactions." Reference: Anoikis mechanisms. Frisch SM, Screaton RA. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2001 Oct;13(5):555-62. Review.
Mitopotosis	Self-elimination of mitochondria. Mitoptosis purifies a cell from damaged and hence unwanted mitochondria.
Nuclear Death (PND)	Elimination of the nucleus. Occurs in lens and ciliates.
Excitotoxicity	Excitotoxicity is the pathological process by which nerve cells are damaged and killed by glutamate and similar substances




Organoptosis	Self-elimination of organ Reference: Programmed death phenomena: from organelle to organism. Skulachev VP. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Apr;959:214-37. Review.
Phenoptosis	"pheno = showing or demonstrating". Phenoptosis purifies a community from unwanted individuals
Cornification	A form of cell death exclusive to the eyes
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